Rotary valve for engines.



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No. 828,888. .y PATENTED JUNE 19, 1908. F. T.. LIGGETT.

ROTARY VALVE FOR ENGINES. APPLIOATION FILED 8118.21, 1905.

No. 823,888. I lPATENTED JUNE 19, 1906.

` I'. T. LIGGETT.

ROTARY VALVE FOR ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. Z1, 1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

M// TA/ESSES l Trx/s 'EATENTED- JUNE 19, 1906,

E. T. LIGGETT.

ROTARY VALVE EOE ENGINES.

`APPLICATION FILED AUG. Z1, 1905.

`5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

W/ r/VESSES,

N0.82s,3s3. l PATBNTED JUNE19,1906. P. T. LIGGBTT.

ROTARY VALVE FOR ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 21, 1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

4 a hm t FRANK TLIGGETT;

y Befitfknwnthat lI- citizenjofjjth-Uhited' t' 'iowa tab@ t full, Clear,and

zo v

- valves to reverse the lss UNITEDSTATES' ci?FI(31135.@V

ONE-Heem Tof.

'eirNoRrH YAKYIM,

'Es A. DRAIN, oF

fWAsHiNGroN. AssieNoR OF 1 OLYMPIA, W.1sentation.v

\ e Any VALVE IRNGIES;

No. sa'aese. e

To alla omttmayjeqacgr y AA K -TgLlssm'rfe Yakima, in the county ofY` ofWashington, have invented yand useful for Engines; and I do herebyAdeclare the folexact descri tion o the invention, such as will enableotliers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.` f

y invention relates to certain new and useful im rovements inreciprocating engines; 'andp the object of'm invention iste improve theconstruction o such engines, so as to renderthem more eiiicientfthanheretofore and at the same timefto make them more positive and direct intheir action and more economical to construct and operate.

With these objects in view my invention consists in certain improvementsin thevalves used for o eratto the cy der and its admission to thecylinders controlled. My invention also consists in improvement inthe'means for chan ing the position of the irection of the engines. yinvention also consists inthe use of roby which the expansive iiuid ingthe engines is` admitted tary valves for controlling the su ply of theexpansive fluid and inrotating t ese valves direct from the power-drivenshaft. I

My invention also consists in certain parts and e combinations, thepreferred form of which will be first described in connection with theaccompanying drawings and lthen the particular features of the inventionpointed out in the claims.

. Plainview ef The motive power for the engine which is thesubject-matter of this application may be any expansive fluid, such asvapor, air or other gas. In theaccompan ing specification `and claims Iwill use t e term steam7 to denote the motive power;

done merely for the sake of brevity and that any form of expansiveiuidmay be used instead of steam without departing from my invention andthat my invention is adaptedfor iise connection with any form ofexpansive ui v v Referring to the drawings, wherein 'the same part isdesignated by the same referencenumeral wherever it occurs, Figure lis atop the preferred form of my invenspveitation f Letters Patent. aintatti@ intima 2 1,`19os.- stati' No. 275,101.

ofF 1. v'cylinler and. chest heads removed.

a crossesection taken on Improvements in-'Rotary Valves the usuapiston-rod, and thi steam ,or other that this chest, in its lreceivelivesteam,

e 1 'Patented .rune i9, ieee.

of Fig; 1, taken ina p ane arallel to the `lane elevation wit the Fig.'4 is line 4 4.of4 Fig. 1. 5 is a cross-sectionfof the steam-chest, ta enon line 5 of Fig. 6 is a crosssection of the steam-c F`g1v2. Fig. 7 is across-section of the steamchest, taken on line 7 of Fig. 2.' Fig. '8 isa cross-section taken on line 8 8 of Fig. 2 and showing the connectionby which the engine is reversed. Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8,showing the links which form the connections in the position they occupywhen the engine is reversed. Figs. 10 to 17 are detailviews Fig. 3-isyan en e of different parts of the invention.

designates a frame upon which the engine is sup orted, and this framemay he of any desire shape or form.

which is nf the 2 designates a cylinder, usual t e, and 3 is a-pistonprovided with piston-rod 4, 'passing out through a stuffing-box 5. v f 6isa cross-head secured to theend of the s cross-headis in the form of across, as is best shown in Fig. 4. 7 7 are the `lower guides for tweenthese guides'project the the cross-head in order to -stea 9 re resentsthe'upper guides hea which are also separated which extend theprojection 1'0 side of the cross-head. By this it will be seen that thecross-head is a right line in its reciprocation and a l ortioli'fS of ythe same.' of the crosson the upper ided in oscillation of the'cross-head and piston=shaft prevented.

11- is a steam-chest, which fion'. Fig. 2 is a longitudinalcentral-section,

construction est, taken on line 6 6 of the cross-head. ,Be-

and between in the formoff my invention shown is cylindrical and locatedon one interior is titions 12 and 13, whi thr rovided withl the par-'-dll dividethe same into and 16 at one side,vas best showniii Fig. 2. A

side'of cylinder 2. The steam# ee compartments or chambers 14, 1.5', and

1'6. The chambers 14 and 16 are adapted to'- andv from these chambersICO . shaft 20, one disk being located in each of thechambers 14 and 16.These disks are shown in detail in Figs. 14, 15, and 16, and, referringIto these figures, it will be seen that they are provided with asegmental opening 23, extending clear through the disks, this opening zobeing outwardly inclined, as at 24, on the side into which the steampasses in order to give free admission to the steam. In the side of thedisk 22 opposite that having the opening 23 is a substantiallysector-shaped v 2 5 depression 25, which is for the purpose ofconnecting the port from the cylinder with the exhaust-port, as will behereinafter described. The valves 22 are keyed on the shaft 20, so thattheir faces are in contact with the parti- 3o tions 12 and 13, with thesector-shaped depressions 25 against the partitions. These disks, whichform rotating valves, do not fill lthe chambers 14 and 16; but betweenthe disksand. the cylinder-heads there is a s ace ninto which the livesteaml is admitted om theinlet-port 26 through the way 27, which opensinto the chambers 14 and 16.

From the construction just described it will be seen that as the shaft20 is rotated the 4o -valves will be rotated, and as they are oppositelydis osed upon the shafts 2O they will alternate y admit live steam intothe ends of the cylinder by the openings 23 coming over the ends of theport 18 and will alternately connect the ports 18 with the exhaust-port19 by the sector-shaped depressions 25 coming over the" ports 18 and 19and connecting the same, as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

28 is the driven shaft of the engine, and this l5o shaft is mounted inline with the valve-shaft 20, and conse uently is parallel with thepiston-rod 4. T 's shaft is mounted in suitable bearings 29, supportedon the frame 1.

30 is an ordinary band-wheel on the end ofl the shaft 28, from whichpower may be taken off.

31 is a sleeve which is keyed to the shaft 28 between the bearings 29.This sleeve is provided on its periphery withl a right and left A 46ohelical cam-groove 32 of the form `shown in Figs. 1 and 14. :The portionof the sleeve beyond the cam-groove is cut away in order tp1 'educe andequalize the weight on the s a 33 is a pin which is tapped in the sideof shown,

the cross-head 6 and extends from the crosshead 6 into the cam-groove32. In order to reduce friction between the sides of the canislot andthe pin, the pin is provided with one or more disks 34, which are heldin position by a screw 35, tapped into the end of the pin. In order tooil the rollers 33 and also the camgrroove 32, I provide a duct 36,which extends om the top of the cross-head, where it is provided with anoil-cup 37 into the end of the opening into which the pin 33 is tap ed.The pin 33 is provided with a duct 38, wiiich extends throu h the pinand at its outer end is closed by t e screw 35. The duct 38 is providedwith transverse ducts 39, which extend to the periphery of the pininside of the rollers 34, whereby each ofthe rollers is supplied withthe oil, and surplus oil can pass between the rollers onto the cam.

By the construction just described it will be seen that at each completereciprocation of theJ piston the shaft 28 will, by reason of the helicalcam 32, be given a complete rotation.

In order to drive the valve-shaft 2() and o erate the valves, I connectsaid shaft with t e shaft 28 in order that it may be rotated in unisontherewith, and since it is desirable to be able to 'reverse the en in'eI so construct this connection between t e two shafts that the shaft 20may be rotated in respect to the shaft 28 to change the position of thevalves with relation to the position of the piston. The end of the shaft20 projects into the bored-out end 40 of the shaft 28 in order to keepthe. two shafts in line.

41 is a disk provided with a collar 42, which is fast on the shaft 28.Preferably, and as duced, and the collar 42 fits over this reducedportion.

43 is a disk which is preferably provided on its periphery with a roove44, with which a ban or other form o brake is adapted to co crate for apurpose to be hereinafter described. Preferably formed integral with theend of the shaft 28 is slightly re-y TOO IIO

the disk 43 by being carried on a collar extended from one side thereof,is a hand-wheel 45, by which the disk 43 may be rotated, the disk beingloosely mounted artly upon the collar 42 and partly upon t e shaft 28`between the collar 42 and the bearing 29.

46 is a third disk which is fast on the shaft 20 with its face adjacentto the face of the disk 41.

Pivotall mounted at 48 on the disk 41 on the side a jacent to the disk43 is a link 47. 49 is a second link, one end of which is ivf oted at 50to the link 47 intermediate o its ends, -the other end of the link 49being connected to the disk 43 by the pivot 51.

52 is a link, one end of which is connected by a pivot 53 to the freeend of the link 47, the other' end bein connected to a rollerequippedpin 54, w 'ch extends through 'a IIS curved Lcam-slot 55, cut in thedisk'41, and alsov througha similar-shaped slot 56, cut in the ldisk 46.These slots y55 and 56 in the adjacent disks 41 and46 are in crossedrelation to each other, and when the in 54 is moved frqmthe positionshown in ig. 8 to the position shown in Fig. 9 it will give the disk 46a rotation of one hundred and twentyr degrees with-"respect to the disk41. 4(SeeFig. 13.) This movement of the pin 54 `is caused by eitherturning the hand-wheel 45, if the engine is stationary, or, if theengine is' running, y applying a brake to the disk 43, which in eqithercase Will move the links from the posi` tion shown i-n Fig. 8 to theposition shown in Fig. 9, causing the cam-pin 54 to move the disks.Preferably and as" shown 'the disk 46 is cut away ony its periphery at57 for onehalf of its circumference, and the disk 41 is provided with asegmental portion 58, which extends into the cut-awayportion 57. Whenthe disks arein position for the engine to run either ahead or backward,the end of the' projection 58 will resty against one end of the cut-awayportion 57, and thus take all strain oft' the connecting links and pins,causing the two disks to rotate together and the shaft to rotate withthe shaft 28. A

59 and 60 are the ordinary drain-pi es, byJ which the steam chest andcylin er are drained. Preferabl .there` are three drailll pipes at thesteam-c est, one for each'chamer and two for the cylinder, one at eachend. From the above description of the preferred form of my engine 1t`is believed that its p peration is apparent. This operation brie y is asfollows:` The parts being in the position shown in Fig. 1 and steambeing ad? mitted from the intake 26, it passes through the openmg 27.into each of the chambers `14 and 16 o f the steam-chest. It will beseenthat the steam-pressure is behind the valves 22, and conse uentlyholds them upon their seats. itht eparts in position' as shown in Fig. 2the steam asses through the cham- "ber 14 into the cylinderl and behindthe piston, driving lthe piston forward', which through the connectionbetween the crosshead 6 and the cam 32 rotates`the shaft/28. This shaftthrough its connections turns the v shaft 20 and rotates the valve 22 sothat after the piston has traveled a part of its stroke the port leadingfrom the chamber 14 of the steam-chest is closed, andthe portion 25 'of5 5 the valve comes over the ports 1 8 and 19, connecting the end ofthe. cylinder with the exhaust. At the same time the'rvalve in -thechamber 16 is rotated and connects'the ports 18 with the chamberbbringing th'e opening 23 in the valveovert e portl18. Steam is thenadmitted in the other end of the cylmder,y

and the movement of the piston is reversed.

I When it is desired to`- reverse the engine',

either the hand-wheel is operated or a brake is applied to the disk 43,dependingv ja disk on the driven shaft,

-move the p in in the slots to 'i upon whether the engine is stationaryorzrun'- 4mng.` In either case the disk 43 is hrotated upon thecollar42, which through the links 47, 49, and 52 'moves the pin54 in thecamslots 55 and 56 of the disks 41 and 46, thereby 7o rotating the disk46, fast` on-the shaft'20, in re- -f lation to the disk 41, fast on theshaftK 28. 'I his causes the valves. to reverse their posit1on, andconsequently reversesy the direction .of the engine. l

. 1 7v While I have described what I believe to be 5 the preferred formof my invention, I desire to have it understoodthat many changes maybemade in the form, arrangement, and construction ofparts with outdeparting from the spirit of my invention. What I'claim -as new,by'Letters Patent, is-

1. In an engine provided with a cylinder, a reciprocating piston, adriven shaft parallel to the piston-rod and power-transn-iitting `meansbetween said rod and shaft; a steamchesthaving ports opening into thecylinder, valves to open and close said orts, a shaft connected withsaid valves an arranged in alineme'nt with the said driven shaft, a diskon the driven shaft, a disk on the valve-shaft, said disks each havingcam-slots, a pin passing through said slots, links connecting the pinwith one of the disks, and means for mov- 9 5 lng said links to vary theposition of the pin. y

2.' In an engine, the combination with a cylinder, provided with vareciprocating piston, a steam-chest provided with ports opening into'the cylinder, valves'to open and close roo the ports, va valve-shaft b.which the valves are operated, a second sha t driven by the engine,said shafts being in line with each other, a disk on the driven shaft,Aand a disk on the and desire to secure valve-shaft, cam-slots in each ofsaid disks, a 1o 5 inpassing through said cam-slots and means v orvmoving said pin in said slots to causethe disksto move inrelationto'each other and rer versethe engine. 3. In an engine, thecombinationwith a r to cylinder, provided with a reciprocating piston, asteam-chest provided with ports open-- ing into the cylinder, valves toopen and close f theports, a valve-shaft by which the valves v areoperated, asecond sha tdriven by the engine, said shafts being in linewith each other, and a disk on the valve-shaft, cam-slots in each ofsaid disks, a pin passing through said cam-slots and links carried byone of said disks and connected to 1 2o the pin and means for operatingsaid links to f cause the disks to rotate 1nV relation to each other andreverse the engine. Y 4. an engine,

the combination a cylinder, provided with a reciprocating -piston, asteam-chest lprovided with ports openmg into the cylinder, valves toopen and close the ports, a valve-shaft which 'the valves are operated,a second sha "driven by the-en- 13o gine, seid shafts being in line witheach other, slots causes the first and second disks to 1o a disk on thedriven shaft, a, disk on the `move in relation to eachother and reversethe ve1ve-shaft,eamslots in each of said disks, engine.

a pin passing through said cam-slots, a third i In testimony whereof Ieix my signature disk provided with means whereby it can be in presenceof two witnesses.

rotated with respect to the irst disk, link FRANK T. LIGGETT.connections between said {irst disk and said Witnesses: pin, wherebywhen seid third disk is moved FRANK HORLEY,

in'relationt the first disk the pin-in the cam- I-I. H. LOMBARD.

